On February 13th 1692, Glen Coe became the sight of a famous massacre, today known as the Massacre of Glencoe. After King James II was replaced on the English and Scottish thrones by William III in 1689, the government issued an order that Scottish clan leaders needed to swear allegiance to the new King by January 1, 1692. However, Alexander MacDonald submitted his oath on December 31, 1691 meaning that it did not reach a magistrate until January 6th, as none had been set up at Fort William. By that point, Sir John Dalrymple, King William’s state secretary for Scotland had issued an order that clan MacDonald of Glen Coe be militarily punished. The MacDonalds were suddenly and violently attacked and their chief, McIan, along with 33 of his fellow clansmen, 2 clanswomen and 2 children were massacred. The clan’s neighbour, John Campbell was widely suspected of being involved in planning the attack, due to the two clan’s enduring rivalry.
The event became popular amongst 19th century poets, and was notably the subject of Sir Walter Scott’s poem “Massacre of Glencoe”. A Song of Ice and Fire author George R.R. Martin also cites the event as an important historical source of inspiration for the infamous “Red Wedding” moment in his 2000 book A Storm of Swords.