At the time, Tenerife was the Canary Island that resisted the Spanish invasion the longest. In 1494, however, the colonists succeeded in conquering the small island from the indigenous Guanche people. The Spanish built a fort on the site of today's Santa Cruz de Tenerife and used it to fight the Guanches. The indigenous people submitted after 2 long years of battle.
Ideally placed on the route to India and the Americas, the Europeans used Tenerife as a port base. Economically, the city of Santa Cruz was fairly well off. However, it was besieged on all sides by various conflicts over the years. The city was destroyed, looted and attacked many times between 1600 and 1800. From 1833 to 1927, it was the capital of the Canary Islands. Then, in 1982, the islands were split into two provinces, Las Palmas and Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Two cities, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife, share the seat of government of the autonomous region of the Canaries. The Canary archipelago is one of Spain's autonomous communities.