Les Goudes has long been a small fishing port. It was once a freshwater supply point for passing ships. In 1720, the village was even a place of refuge for crews suffering from the plague. In 1804, the first soda factory was built, occupying the entire bottom of the Anse des Goudes.
In the mid-19th century, lead ore was imported via the port of Marseille, and it was decided to set up a lead factory in Les Goudes due to its low population density. The industrial potential was so great that a railway line was planned in 1875 to link Les Goudes to the centre of Marseille. This project never came to fruition, but a tramway line was inaugurated between the village and the Madrague de Montredon, before the construction of the winding road.